The selection process of white tungsten coarse concentrate is mainly composed of normal temperature method and heating method. After rough selection to obtain low-grade coarse concentrate, high-grade scheelite concentrate is obtained by thick slurry high temperature method. The warm flotation has strong adaptability to ore and stable selection index, and is widely used in white tungsten- calcite - fluorite type mines. Normal temperature flotation is widely used in white tungsten- quartz type mines. A. White tungsten heating flotation process The traditional heating flotation technology—“Peterlow method†is a single addition of a large amount of water glass to the white tungsten coarse concentrate. After heating and stirring at a high concentration, the resolution speed of the collector film adsorbed by the inter-mineral surface is different. , increase the selectivity of inhibition, and then dilute the selection. Under these conditions, the collector adsorbed on the surface of minerals such as positively charged calcite is sufficiently resolved due to the strong competitive adsorption of high-concentration de-agents and thus inhibits, while the negatively charged scheelite on the surface is de-coated. The influence of the agent is small, and the chemical adsorption with the collector can still be maintained, so that the good floatability can be maintained, thereby achieving the purpose of separating the scheelite from the gangue. The traditional "Peterlow method" needs to be diluted and de-dosed for white tungsten flotation. The selection of tungsten concentrate with high grade and simple mineral composition is very good, but the tungsten grade is better. Low, coarse concentrate containing calcium gangue and high content of sulphide ore is difficult to work. In recent years, a number of research units and enterprises have improved the method, and developed a new technology of “collective pre-adsorption multi-alkali synergy direct selectionâ€, contrary to the idea of ​​simple drug withdrawal, added before heating A small amount of collector allows the tungsten mineral to adsorb the collector in advance, and the difference between the ability of the tungsten mineral and the gangue mineral to adsorb the collector and the speed of the analytical agent under the action of a large amount of water glass and strong alkali to achieve the calcium-containing gangue Selective inhibition of minerals, and according to the mineralogical characteristics of white tungsten coarse concentrate, while adding a large amount of water glass, selectively adding a small amount of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide to strengthen the selective drug removal and inhibition of gangue minerals and sulfides effect. After heating or stirring at room temperature, the slurry is not diluted, and the flotation is carried out without removing the mud. This greatly simplifies the selection operation and avoids the loss of tungsten metal during the multiple dilution process, so that the calcium-containing gangue minerals and sulfides are always It is strongly inhibited under high alkalinity, and tungsten minerals are still in a good state of activation under high alkalinity, which further increases the tungsten concentrate grade and recovery. The selected technology has been successfully applied in mines such as Xinzhou Mining in Gansu, Persimmon in Hunan, Xianglushan in Jiangxi and Dongshanling in Hunan (see Table 1 for examples). This technology is the first of its kind at home and abroad, and it is at the international advanced level. Table 1 Comparison of production results of selected technologies B. White tungsten normal temperature flotation process The 731 oxidized paraffin soap normal temperature flotation method was firstly produced and applied in a tungsten mine in Weinan, China in the early 1970s. The normal temperature method pays more attention to the rough selection operation, emphasizes the synergy between sodium carbonate and water glass, and maintains the concentration of HSiO3- ions in the slurry in a concentration range favorable for oxidation inhibition by controlling the pH value of the slurry, and is matched with the collection of scheelite. Agent to achieve a higher rough selection ratio. The coarse concentrate is diluted and selected after strong mixing for a long time (>30 min) under the condition of adding a large amount of water glass. The ore dressing cost is also relatively low. This method is widely used with white tungsten-quartz type scheelite, but for other types. The adaptability of scheelite is not as good as the heating method. In recent years, new progress has been made in the experimental research of white tungsten-fluorite and calcite-type scheelite ore, and the combination of adjusting agent and collector has achieved satisfactory results. The skarn-type scheelite deposit in a certain area of ​​Hunan belongs to the scheelite- diopside -calcite type ore. Gao Yude et al. adopts the white tungsten normal temperature selection process, adopting the “priority floating sulfur-white tungsten normal temperature rough selection-tungsten coarse fine The process of "mine selection" and the "sodium carbonate-water glass-F9" combination agent system, the original ore containing 0.39% WO3, of which the scheelite occupancy rate is about 85%, obtained 67.35% of the tungsten concentrate WO3 grade, WO3 recovery rate of 80.09% of mineral processing technical indicators. A scheelite ore in Jiangxi is a typical white tungsten-calcite-fluorite type refractory scheelite. The ore contains 0.23% WO3. Wendexin et al. [62] used a white tungsten normal temperature flotation process by adding a combination agent (GYW+731). As a collector, the new agent WH is used as an activator, and a tungsten concentrate having a grade of 35.11% WO3 and a recovery rate of 72.20% of WO3 is obtained.
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White tungsten ore dressing technology
White tungsten roughing is usually carried out at room temperature flotation, mainly using alkaline medium-fatty acid method. In the white tungsten roughing, the most common modifier and inhibitor combination is sodium carbonate-water glass, followed by sodium hydroxide-water glass. Sodium carbonate-sodium hydroxide-water glass, etc. Water glass or in combination in many cases used alone, sometimes in combination with the polyvalent metal ions, the effect of suppressing strengthening. For example, sodium sulphate and water glass are used as the adjusting agent in the selection of white tungsten in Hunan Persimmon Garden; in Jiangxi Xiushui Xianglushan tungsten ore, Gansu Xiaoliugou scheelite, tungsten coarse selection is adjusted by sodium carbonate and water glass. Agent. Some studies have suggested that the use of sodium carbonate as a modifier can eliminate the influence of metal ions in the slurry, and can also adjust the pH value of the slurry. For ore containing more soluble or slightly soluble minerals, sodium carbonate is the best regulator.