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Hard X-ray ground calibration device (located in Changpingyuan District, China Institute of Metrology)
The main load of “Eye Eye†is 18 high-energy X-ray detectors. These detectors are also the eyes of “eyes†– their key parameters such as energy resolution, detection efficiency, and uniformity must be given via ground calibration. Otherwise, the inversion of observation data into real astronomical objects cannot be achieved—even if it is called “eyesightâ€, it cannot recognize the “reality†of the universe. For the "eyesight" to brighten their eyes - that is, for these key parameters to be calibrated, China Institute of Metrology (hereinafter referred to as "China Institute of Metrology") Institute of Ionization and high energy Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, a group of researchers.
In 2011, the Institute of High Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, which undertook the development of the payload of the satellite, found the China Metrology Institute. It hopes to carry out research on ground-based calibration of hard X-ray telescopes to resolve technical problems such as the calibration of satellite detectors. As the source of traceability of ionizing radiation in China and the state-level statutory metrology institute, China Metrology Institute accepted this task.
After nearly three years of hard work, the China Institute of Metrology and the Institute of High Energy of the Chinese Academy of Sciences have established a domestic first set of hard X-ray detector ground calibration device. The device provides a single-energy X-ray energy range of (15-180) keV, the upper limit of 180keV is the highest level of similar international devices, and for the first time solved the problem of absolute measurement of X-ray fluence. In 2015, based on the device, the two parties jointly completed key parameters such as energy linearity, energy resolution, detection efficiency, and uniformity of the 18 main and 6 backup detectors of the "hard X-ray modulation telescope" satellite. Ground calibration during machine operation.
In order to detect the long-term on-orbit operation of “Eye of the Eyeâ€, China Metrology Institute has improved the preparation process several times, calibrated with high-accuracy activity of radioactive sources, equipped with 18 on-orbit supervising sources for “Eye of the Eyeâ€, and ensured that the satellites are in orbit during operation. The validity and reliability of the calibration results.
According to Wu Jingjie, the project leader of the calibration device project and the Institute of Ionization, China Institute of Metrology, the China Metrology Institute will use this as a starting point to continue to expand the research direction of single-energy X-ray quantum metrology, expand the range of single-energy X-ray energy, and develop X. Quantum radiation detectors have developed rapidly in support of basic frontier research such as X-ray astronomy and dark matter search in China.
(Original title: China Metrology Institute is China's first X-ray astronomical satellite to polish "eyes")
Eighteen X-ray detectors equipped with Long March 4th B rocket launch successfully
[China Instrument Network Instrument R&D] On June 15th, China’s first hard X-ray modulation telescope satellite “Haiyan†successfully launched the Long March 4th B rocket. This is China's first space astronomical observatory outside the atmosphere, and it is also the world’s highest-resolution hard X-ray telescope satellite. The satellite can accurately detect celestial radiation in extreme physical environments, and it is expected to discover a large number of special celestial bodies such as large black holes that are hidden by dust in the universe.