Globe valves with ports at an angle are called angle globe valves. The two ports may be oriented straight across from each other on the body, or oriented at an angle such as a 90°angle.
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The development of LED in China can be described as rapid, and it has gone through the overheating (fanaticism) of previous years. Now it should enter the stage of rational development.
According to the statistics of the Chinalurgical Association, there are more than 10,000 manufacturing enterprises (including upper, middle and lower reaches) involving LEDs in the country.
However, I believe that up to now, our company should remember to prevent homogenization competition. The so-called homogenization means no core technology, no innovation in manufacturing process, technology, marketing, etc., and mutual plagiarism, which ultimately leads to product technology. The quality level is almost the same. In the end, you can only fight the price, causing you to lower the price and lower the quality, and finally lead to poor quality.
This kind of army and horses crossing the form of a single-wood bridge will inevitably lead to the narrower and narrower roads of many enterprises until they close down. Therefore, innovation is the soul of a company. Keeping ahead in some aspects can make a company get out of trouble and even stand out.
The current development and application requirements of LEDs have greatly affected the trend of international standards, mainly in the following aspects:
First, IEC60598 and IEC61347 have significantly reduced the creepage distance clearance requirements. The additional insulation has been reduced from 2U 1750 to 2U 1000. The requirement for reinforced insulation to fall from 4U 2750 to 4U 2000 is to relax properly under the premise of ensuring safety. The above requirements can make the insulation layer, the distance from the edge, etc., can be appropriately reduced, which is advantageous for heat dissipation, improvement of light efficiency, and improvement of luminous flux maintenance rate.
Second, the LED lights are small and the wiring is fine. In 2013, the IP conference has made no lower limit resolution for the internal wires of the lamps. When the internal wires are not subjected to mechanical force, the current carrying current is 20A/mm, and the continuous working temperature does not exceed 90 °C.
Third, in terms of lightning protection requirements, the lightning protection device is required to be designed as a stand-alone device and can only be used in Class I luminaires, with instructions for use. Its lightning surge voltage is best raised from the EU standard 1KV to the US standard 3KV to adapt to the bad weather.
Fourth, in addition to pursuing high light efficiency, more emphasis is placed on improving the quality of lighting and humanization and automation. Reflected in: GB50034 standard requirements indoor (high-end lighting occasions, offices, reading rooms, classrooms, etc., color rendering index should be 80, and R90; according to the lighting color (including blue light components) on the human visual impact, (mainly affect Melatonin secretion, more emphasis on returning to the original, simulating the color temperature change of natural light one day to adjust the illumination color temperature, so there are various lamps that dimming and coloring.
Fifth, in terms of indoor lighting and photobiosafety, more attention should be paid to reducing the surface brightness of the light exit surface of lighting fixtures by using diffusion plates and the like under the premise of ensuring high-efficiency output luminous flux, which not only makes the photo-biohazard of LED lighting products The level is reduced, which can basically reach the non-hazard level, and can greatly reduce the glare. The new GB/T29294-2012 LED downlight performance standard also emphasizes the requirements of the diffuser board, and has many technical terms related to glare limitation such as specular reflection and protection angle.
Sixth, the Shanghai Road Construction and Transportation Commission engaged in LED street lighting technical conditions and test a long section of LED street lights on Shenda Road, should be said to be in the country's leading position in road lighting. In addition to the equal brightness (rather than equal illumination) design, the environmental ratio and glare control requirements fully meet the CJJ45 standard, and the appropriate light color is selected.
Seventh, a number of communication and regulation methods are applied to LED lighting. For LED lighting, regulation can expand its use and reflect humanized lighting, and reduce the workload of finding faults, and maximize energy saving. At present, wireless communication technology based on ZigBee and/or WiFi standards and power line carrier communication technology have been well applied in localized intelligent control of local illumination. The DALI control protocol and the extended DALI protocol based on the DALI control protocol have been widely used in the control of LED lighting in combination with control devices and voice sensors, light sensors, motion sensors, idle and presence sensors.
The development of LED lighting has proved that those companies that started out at a very high level, relying on flickering, can not only study the advanced technology and market at home and abroad, but also have no foundations. In the end, they are basically short-lived or difficult.
The great situation of China's reform and the industrial policy of the central government's retreat and the people's advancement require us to constantly study new technologies, recognize the new situation, and lay out in advance. With the help of China's and international energy conservation and emission reduction policies, we will continue to do so. Development.
Here is a quote from Zhuge Liang’s book: The journey of the gentleman, the self-cultivation, the cultivation of morality, the indifference, the lack of clarity, the non-quietness, the inability to learn, the need to learn, the non-study Nothing is broad, and there is no way to learn.
In the current situation where the noise of the whole society is relatively prevalent, I think it is too much to promote the spirit of the book. Establishing the indifferent heart and fame, and studying quietly, can achieve the breadth and depth of knowledge. Only by establishing a firm will, can we learn to be effective and even achieve obvious results.