Graphene is the most disruptive new material in the 21st century. It has the highest strength, highest toughness, highest light transmittance, lightest weight, fastest electron mobility and best conductivity. With the help of “Graphene+†strategy The platform can provide strong support for the performance improvement and application expansion of a large number of traditional materials. At present, the graphene industry is in a critical period of evolution from technology to business, and large-scale application is coming soon. This article is an in-depth and multi-angle analysis of the related policies, technologies, patents, and markets of the graphene industry at home and abroad. It has a high reference value. Let's take a look at it. First, graphene technology breakthrough Major countries in the world continue to increase R&D support and compete for the commanding heights of industrialization. After the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to the graphene discoverers in 2010, the global scientific and industrial community has been paying close attention. Up to now, more than 80 countries and regions have carried out research on graphene and its applications. In the past two years, the direction of graphene industrialization has gradually become clear, and the research and development support for graphene has been increasing. The United States, the European Union and its member states, Japan and South Korea have successively carried out relevant arrangements from the national strategic level and issued a number of support policies and research support programs. With the introduction of the “Made in China 2025†national strategy, graphene support has been strengthened, and national, local governments, and industry alliances have supported the development of graphene industry through various means. In general, the support policies of the world's countries in the early stage were mainly concentrated on graphene basic research; most of them are concentrated in the middle of the graphene industry chain, mainly based on the development of graphene functional devices; it is expected that in the next 5 to 10 years, countries will support the graphene industry. Will continue to focus on the graphene midstream industry chain to further accelerate the industrialization of graphene. Table 1 Policy measures to promote the development of graphene industrialization Many scientific research institutions and enterprises have entered, but there are significant differences at home and abroad. Incomplete statistics, nearly 300 companies worldwide are involved in graphene research, including IBM, Intel, US Saucer, Dow Chemical, GM, DuPont, Xerox, Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Nokia, Samsung, LG, Hitachi, Sony, 3M, Toray, Toshiba, Huawei, Hui Rui, Shenzhen Hon Hai and so on. Foreign universities and enterprises have mastered a large number of core patents and played an important role in the process of graphene industrialization. South Korea's Samsung, the United States, IBM, South Korea's Sungkyunkwan University, the Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Japan's Toshiba, and the US University of Rice have high influence. Domestic related research is mainly concentrated in universities and Chinese Academy of Sciences. More than 80 leading universities and research institutions are involved in graphene, but only Shenzhen Hon Hai has certain advantages at the enterprise level, and the number of patents lags far behind Samsung, IBM and other foreign companies, graphite. The main role of enterprises in the research and development of olefins needs to be further strengthened. On the other hand, domestic research is mostly focused on the preparation of the bottom-up method, and the application in the electrode of lithium ion battery . In terms of graphene composite material, the strength of the semiconductor device is weak, and the industrial layout needs to be further optimized. Table 2 Introduction of some well-known foreign research institutions Figure 1 Distribution of major domestic research institutions Graphene technology has advanced by leaps and bounds, and countries around the world have accelerated patent distribution. After 2010, the number of global graphene-related papers and patents has increased by spurt. According to the technology life cycle theory of Chesapeuff, the graphene industry is still in the technological growth stage, and the technological evolution trend is changing from the graphene preparation process to the specific application field. Since 1991, 137,690 graphene-related SCI papers have been published worldwide. Among them, China, the United States, South Korea and Japan ranked the top four papers in the world, accounting for 34.2%, 18.9%, 7.5% and 5.4% respectively. Since 1994, there have been 12,518 graphene-related patents worldwide. From the number of patent applications in technology-originating countries, China, South Korea, the United States, and Japan applied for the top four patents in the world, accounting for 50%, 14%, 6%, and 6% respectively. The number of patents related to graphene in China is absolute. Advantage. From the perspective of the number of patent applications filed in the target country, China is the focus of patent distribution, followed by the United States, South Korea, WO, Japan and the European Bureau. Judging from the scope of technical applications of various original countries, South Korea, the United States and Japan are actively carrying out the global distribution of patents. However, the overseas layout of Chinese patents is weak and needs to be further strengthened. From the field of application of graphene patent technology, before 2013, graphene related research mainly focused on the field of preparation. From 2011 to 2013, the proportion of patents for preparation technology patents accounted for 38%. With the improvement and maturity of the preparation technology, the patent application for graphene continues to expand to downstream applications and open up new fields. Between 2013 and 2015, there were a large number of patent applications for graphene technology in emerging fields such as composite fibers, coatings, functional films, and water treatment. Among them, patent applications for graphene-based composite materials almost turned over, and preparation technology patents The proportion of applications fell to approximately 29%. Table 3 Graphene related landmark events and results Second, the market prospect analysis The direction of graphene industrialization is clear, and relevant preparation techniques and application technologies need to be broken. At present, graphene is in the early stage of industrialization, and is mainly used in low-end products such as conductive additives, coatings and thermal conductive films of lithium batteries . Countries around the world have developed different technology application nodes and roadmaps according to their industrial structure characteristics, technological advantages and industrialized resources, such as the EU Graphene Flagship Program Technology Roadmap, the Korean Graphene Industry Market Roadmap, and the Made in China 2025 Graphene. Industrial technology roadmap, China Taiwan graphene industry technology roadmap, etc., clarified the key points, directions and paths of industrialization development, and solved the problems of high cost, immature technology and unstable products of current related product preparation technologies. The morphological and characteristic graphene-based materials are prepared and structurally controlled. In the future, we will focus on breakthroughs in graphene preparation technology characterized by large-scale, low-cost, high-quality, uniform quality control and multi-scale, vigorously develop high-precision application technology of graphene and downstream product development, and continuously expand the application of graphene-related products. field. Figure 2 EU Graphene Flagship Program Technology Roadmap Figure 3 "Made in China 2025" graphene material technology roadmap The graphene industry explosion point has been formed and will explode in the future. Graphene has passed the hype period, and companies have shifted their attention from graphene preparation to application, and industrial explosions have taken shape. At present, some companies have the ability to provide graphene, but mainly used in experimental and applied research, and truly achieve high-end applications, and the annual production capacity of related companies is mostly no more than 100 tons. With the increase of policy support, capital investment and breakthroughs in macro-preparation technology, in the next 5 to 10 years, the annual production capacity of most enterprises will reach 1,000 tons, and the annual production capacity of a small number of large enterprises is expected to reach 10,000 tons. The United States has many large enterprises such as IBM, Intel, Boeing, etc. The good entrepreneurial environment has spawned many small graphene enterprises. The industrialization and application are progressing rapidly, the industrial layout is diversified, and a relatively complete industrial chain has been formed, covering the preparation and Application research to the production of graphene products until the downstream application. The EU has large enterprises such as Nokia and many small specialized graphene enterprises, mainly engaged in the preparation of graphene powder, graphene film and graphene composite materials, less involved in downstream applications, and has not formed a complete industrial chain. There are a number of large enterprises in the UK engaged in the development and commercialization of graphene. At the same time, many emerging companies specializing in the research and development of graphene have emerged. The support from the government is very strong. The industrialization and application process are accelerated, and the industrial structure is similar to that of Europe. . The graphene industry in Korea and Japan mainly concentrates on the preparation of CVD graphene films and their applications in the field of electronic devices. Domestic graphene enterprises are mostly small and medium-sized enterprises in the growth stage. The number of enterprises has begun to take shape, but the number of leading enterprises is relatively small and the scale is relatively small, which restricts the development and improvement of the entire industrial chain. Table 4 Status of major foreign companies Table 6 Distribution of major domestic enterprises The graphene market has broad prospects and is expected to generate huge economic benefits. The world's major research institutions have predicted the prospects and scale of the graphene market. Based on the analysis results of various institutions at home and abroad, the next five to ten years will be the high-speed development period of the global graphene industry, and the demand for graphene in various industries will continue to increase. Recent demand for graphene comes primarily from composites and coatings, which are concentrated in the automotive, plastics, coatings, construction, metals, batteries, aerospace, and energy and energy storage sectors. The medium and long-term demand for graphene is mainly concentrated in the fields of electronics and optoelectronics and energy storage. With the in-depth development of the graphene industry, its application fields will continue to expand. Table 7 Graphene Market Forecast Figure 4 Distribution of graphene applications in 2023 Third, accelerate the development of China's graphene industry Graphene research is one of the few scientific and technological fields in the world, which is one of the earliest in the world. Compared with the international advanced level, it has the characteristics of rapid development, equal level, international synchronization and partial leading. However, the domestic graphene industrial chain is immature, the downstream application links are not open, the market demand needs to be cultivated, and the independent intellectual property rights need to be strengthened, which is a bottleneck problem that restricts the development of the industry. to this end, Formulate national-level industrial development plans. At present, China still lacks macro-level planning at the national level in the graphene field, and there is still a large gap compared with foreign countries. It is recommended to formulate the technical route and industrialization route of the graphene industry at the national level as soon as possible, clarify the stage objectives, key tasks, major projects, funding sources and policy measures for industrial development, determine a reasonable organizational framework, and promote materials, equipment, processes and applications. Parallel development to promote coordinated development of upstream and downstream. Improve the ability of enterprises to innovate. First, the company is the main body, implementing the “integration of government, industry, research and research†collaborative innovation, establishing a national key laboratory or engineering center for graphene, encouraging cross-shareholding and strategic cooperation between production and application companies, and establishing a joint R&D platform to support production enterprises. R&D institutions and application companies jointly undertake research and development projects and scientific and technological achievements transformation projects, breaking through the bottlenecks in the preparation, application and industrialization of graphene, accelerating the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, and opening up the entire industrial chain of graphene. Second, the graphene industry, as an emerging industry that leads the material revolution in the entire industrial field, cannot follow the traditional endogenous industry development track, guide enterprises to carry out industrial organization innovation, and accelerate the development of the "enterprise + research and development institutions + incubators + accelerators" development model. Third, relying on leading enterprises, research institutes, etc., accelerate the construction of a number of graphene materials and device technology innovation platforms, industrial conversion platforms and patents and standard service platforms to improve the high-end service capabilities of the graphene industry. Promote the development of graphene applications. The biggest bottleneck in the graphene industry is that it does not form a complete and mature industrial chain. The R&D and manufacturing enterprises and the downstream application enterprises are out of touch, and the market demand has not yet fully opened. First, accelerate the development of applied technologies, encourage enterprises to jointly research institutes and universities to carry out related product design and technology research and development, and expand the field and market of graphene applications. The second is to promote the first batch of industrial application demonstration, support a group of enterprises with industry-driven actions to achieve the first application in key demand areas, build a market-oriented operation mechanism that is compatible with various applications, and build a number of high-level demonstration projects. Third, relying on relevant associations, societies, industry alliances or enterprises to accelerate the formulation of process standards, testing standards, product standards, etc., actively participate in the development of international standards for graphene, accelerate the internationalization of graphene standards, and transform the research and development advantages of graphene into industry standards. Advantages, master the right to speak in industrial development. Fourth, graphene application technology is mostly in the pilot stage, and the market prospect is uncertain. Once mass production will cause price decline, and even technology diffusion leads to vicious competition in the industry, it is necessary to establish and improve industry norms and achieve organic integration of R&D, production and commercialization. Increase funding support. Foreign countries have given continuous financial support in the development of graphene. Although the National Natural Science Foundation of China has successively funded more than 300 million yuan for graphene-related projects, there is still room for improvement in funding compared with foreign countries, especially in Under the background that the EU's 10 billion euros support the graphene industry and the domestic graphene enterprises are still weak, China should further increase its financial support. First, set up major science and technology projects at the national level, introduce a special action plan for graphene industry development, and further increase support for graphene technology innovation; second, introduce follow-up subsidies and incentive policies as soon as possible to fully stimulate business and market enthusiasm; Vigorously develop financial products and services that meet the characteristics of the graphene industry, support new financial formats such as angel investment, technology sub-branches, technology insurance, and technology small loans, and formulate and improve policies such as risk compensation and fund support; Fourth, implement the first (set) The major technical equipment insurance compensation mechanism promotes the first set of equipment for graphene production and the promotion and application of the first batch of graphene. Strengthen the construction of independent intellectual property rights. First, strengthen the patent analysis and strategic research of graphene, research on intellectual property protection mechanism, and construct an industrialized oriented graphene patent pool. The second is to support the development of projects with independent intellectual property rights, encourage relevant institutions to apply for international patents through the PCT route, and strengthen the overseas patent layout. The third is to strengthen the industry-university-research cooperation and technology transfer in the Bottom-up pathway for the preparation of graphene, semiconductor device applications, and equipment, and to guide and support equipment patents and application patent applications, and to form a large-scale patent application layout. Fodder Cutter,Chaff Cutter,Chaff Cutter Machine,Mini Chaff Cutter Hunan Xinta Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd. , https://www.xyagriculture.com
