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In the five years after its accession to the WTO, the automotive industry has changed from the original “most worrying†industry to today’s pillar industries, and auto parts and components have also continued to grow rapidly. The attractive market has attracted countless multinational giants to test water in China. However, behind the prosperity are many barriers and challenges facing the parts and components industry.
Increased speed
The "blowout" growth in the automotive industry has driven the rapid development of the parts and components industry.
According to statistics, in 2002 China's spare parts industry realized sales revenue of 124.75 billion yuan, and realized a total profit of 10.63 billion yuan. Exports of parts and components did not include engine exports, which amounted to US$2.21 billion, accounting for 73.2% of the total export value of US$3.36 billion in the same year, while vehicle exports only accounted for 7.4% of the total exports for that year. In 2002, auto parts, engine-free exports increased by 35.41% over the previous year.
In 2003, China’s auto parts sales revenue reached 300 billion yuan, and its total profit was 23.9 billion yuan, an increase of 46.86% year-on-year. Auto parts exports reached US$4.31 billion, an increase of 32.1%.
In 2004, the scale of China's auto parts and components reached 440 billion yuan.
In 2005, China’s auto parts and components sales revenue was 403.5 billion yuan, accounting for 33.9% of the total sales revenue of the automotive industry; its total profit was 23.6 billion yuan, accounting for 44.9% of the total. From 2000 to 2005, the total profits and taxes realized by auto parts companies increased by 20.55% annually. In 2005, auto parts exports reached 8.947 billion U.S. dollars, a year-on-year increase of 22.82%.
According to the plan of the Ministry of Commerce, the total export of auto parts in China will exceed 20 billion U.S. dollars by 2006, and this figure will reach 100 billion U.S. dollars by 2010.
Li Zanfeng, head of the Automotive Industry Planning and Design Institute of China Automotive Technology and Research Center, stated that China's auto parts industry is developing in five major trends: the increasing differentiation of enterprises, the gradual optimization of industrial structure, the favorable policy environment for the development of parts and components industries, and the cultivation of independent brands to promote the core With improved competitiveness, China has become the world's component manufacturing center.
Worries about exports
With the continuous expansion of the scale of exports, China's auto parts industry is increasingly exposed to trade barriers from abroad.
In 2001, Canada and the United States launched an anti-dumping investigation against Chinese windshields. In 2003, Canadian company SPI filed anti-dumping complaints against automobile tanks produced in China and Taiwan; in 2004, Peru, India, and Turkey At the same time, anti-dumping investigations were conducted on Chinese tires.
This year, China's auto parts exports are frequently "anti-". In January, the Ukrainian inter-departmental International Trade Commission issued a resolution deciding to initiate anti-dumping investigations against imported ball bearings from any third country including China. In May and July, the Brazilian auto parts and equipment owners’ union asked Brazil twice. The government adopted “special protection measures†for parts imported from China, such as batteries and automotive bearings. In August, the anti-dumping bureau of the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Egypt issued an announcement stating that it had accepted written applications from local companies for cars and light trucks imported from China. Tire anti-dumping case initiated a new round of review investigation...
According to industry experts' analysis, the reason why China's auto parts exports frequently encounter anti-dumping abroad is due to the low price of the products. In addition, some experts pointed out that China's spare parts export enterprises are more dispersed, most of them are small, and the export situation is scattered.
To this end, the relevant state departments have stated that China will increase the construction of early warning models and evaluation systems for the auto parts industry, combine the early warning of the vehicles and auto parts industries, and establish a set of early warning models and evaluation systems. Use trade emergency measures and other internationally accepted rules to develop and protect China's auto industry, including parts and components industry.
Mixed geometric development
While China’s auto parts and components are encountering trade barriers abroad, the “Administrative Measures for the Import of Auto Parts that Constitute the Characteristics of the Whole Vehicle†has also been subjected to foreign pressure and has had to be suspended for two years.
It seems that China's auto parts industry has been accompanied by a continual step-by-step development of disputes, gains and losses.
In the eyes of industry experts, although the parts and components industry has made great progress, the problems that exist cannot be overlooked.
It is understood that at present, the problems in China's auto parts industry are mainly reflected in the fact that high-tech product technologies are in the hands of foreign companies; there are too many factory sites, chaos, and a large number of fake and shoddy phenomena; local protection is serious; parts and components products Poor capacity for independent development; less investment in development costs.
In addition, China's spare parts enterprises also have the problem of small scale and high cost, and it is difficult to form economies of scale.
To this end, some experts suggested that local parts and components companies should focus on technology, service, and cost, and focus on forming a moderate scale, distinctive and low-cost comprehensive competitive strength of parts and components companies, and develop high-tech and electronic technologies. , In the aspect of R&D, production and supporting of parts and components products, we actively cooperate with parts companies with international advantages.
4, the use of advanced plate curing, into technology, improve the binding of active substances and grid, extend battery life
5, the positive plate for the battery tube, negative plate is paste type, with long life, deep charge and discharge performance and other significant advantages
6, the use of polyester fiber pipe and PVC separator can effectively solve the use of pipe rupture and lead to short circuit caused by dendrite, to extend battery life